Pathological anatomy, being one of the most important subjects in medical education and in the practice of the doctor of any specialty, was born in Uzbekistan only after the establishment of Turkestan State University.
The first organizational and scientific and pedagogical center of pathological anatomy as a science and the practical section, was Chair of Pathological Anatomy of the Medical Faculty of the Turkestan State University.
About the beginning of the department of documents kept small. Practically no eyewitnesses, and the formation of the Faculty of Medicine, which is etched in the memory of events and persons of their case more than half a century ago.
In April 1920, from Moscow arrived the first train teachers for the organization of the medical faculty of the university. Elected to the post of Head of Department, Professor IV Davydovskiy not come to Tashkent and 15.VI.1920, the Scientific Council of the Faculty of General Pathology commissioned Professor V. Vasilevsky execute concurrently Acting Head of the Department of Pathological Anatomy.
Workshops with students of the 3rd course was conducted on the finished collections brought from Moscow. Scheme drawn on a blackboard chalk colored homemade. There were 7 of educational microscopes for students and one – for the teachers. In the absence of a museum to showcase the utensils used in lectures formalin preparations of the two common storage jars. Gistologicheckie sectional study material hardly conducted due to lack of laboratory equipment. Rare biopsy looked professor.
Start 20s was a time of feverish activity came from Moscow scientists. Heavy legacy of civil war and intervention, fevers, intestinal infections, little-known and almost unknown forms of diseases, problems of diagnosis and treatment, the elucidation of the etiology and pathogenesis – that occupied the minds of scientists, clinicians and theorists of the time, during this period were first found in Central Asia sprue, undulant fever, pellagra, leishmaniasis, colitis. There are great opportunities for a comprehensive study of morbidity and clarify the essence of the so-called tropical diseases.
After receiving in 1924 sufficient for the time equipment, department of pathological anatomy begins, together with clinical research departments of major boundary diseases.
Since 1930 Head of the Department of Pathological Anatomy of the Medical Faculty have the Central Asian State University elected GN Terekhov. Over 50 years of scientific and pedagogical activity he published more than 50 works, including a monograph on visceral leishmaniasis, and hemorrhagic fever in Uzbekistan. He trained 5 doctors and 15 candidates of medical sciences. His work on ulcerative colitis, sprue, visceral leishmaniasis, pellagra, brucellosis, toxic hepatitis with ascites, hemorrhagic fever greatly enriched the domestic pathological anatomy. GN Terekhov made a great contribution to the development of pathological anatomy in the country.
In the 30 years in the department start working IP Reuk, AI Magrupov, T. Terekhova, TA Sirota, A. Smirnov, Danilova RI, S. Alimbek. During this period, the research staff of the department have received wide development. By the end of 1936 it is published monographs 2nd therapeutic clinic, summed up the results of a clinical and pathological study of heliotrope toxic liver disease. The main features of this disease Pathomorphology described GN Terekhov and his collaborators L. Platonov VA Pavlova. In 1935, on the basis of the Faculty of Medicine created SAGA Tashkent State Medical Institute.
In 1939, in one of the areas of Andijan region erupts unknown doctors mikroepidemiya kind of hemorrhagic fever with frequent deaths. People’s Commissariat of the Republic creates a special expedition to study the disease, which includes G.N.Terehov, A.I.Magrupov.
During the war of 1941-1945 members of the department T. Terekhova, RI Danilova, AA Smirnov, AI Magrupov, AA-Horosanyan Thaddeus, MA Aref’eva, MS Kalyagina studied questions Pathomorphology wound osteomyelitis changes muscles in nonhealing wounds, wound depletion issues, the impact of physical therapy for traumatic lesions on muscles and joints. During these years, a kind of epidemic encephalitis breaks. The structure of the complex commission to study ethnology, pathogenesis and pathological anatomy of the disease consists of members of the department TA AI Sirota and Magrupov.
In the same area among the horse population breaks out an epidemic of the so-called suylyuka horses. Vymiraemoet livestock, affection, except horses and other pets have attracted the attention of scientists. A commission was established on the site of the experimental reproduction suylyuka in Tashkent. AI Magrupov and KN Dolinskaya studied his pathological anatomy.
In the early postwar years, the department updated with new employees. In 1945, appointed as assistant chair of demobilized military dissector TN Baranova OG Terekhov AA Kulikov. The graduate school is credited demobilized from the army ES Kasymhodzhaev
(1946) as an assistant Department of Translation graduate student J. A. Olshansky.
During this period, there dissertations. This is mainly the role of research argyrophilic structures and nerves in the development of pathological processes in various diseases: V. A.Alimovym (1953) – with appendicitis; VA Pavlova (1948) in the soft tissues of the lower limbs in wounds; O. J. Olshansky (1950) – in the lungs with pneumonia; TN Baranova (1952) – in the uterus during cervical erosion; ES Kasymhodzhaevym (1965) -in the peritoneum at ascites and peritonitis.
The fifties were the years of the development of chemistry and the use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture. Hygienists and toxicologists, physiologists and pathologists have begun to explore the effects of different herbicides and defoliants on the body. This work, conducted in conjunction with the staff of the Department of Occupational Health, the Institute: sanitation, hygiene and occupational diseases, allow to find out the possibility of using those or other toxic chemicals, to develop guidelines for their practical use.
Polio outbreak in late 1959 in Tashkent has allowed employees of the Department AI Magrupova, ES Kasymhodzhaevu, VA Alimov on section material to study pathological anatomy polio and summarize the results in the monograph “Pathology of polio.”
In 1960-1965 gg. The department conducted the development of the problem of atherosclerosis (GN Terekhov AI Magrupov, KN Dolinskaya, VA Alimov, E, S. Kasymhodzhaev, VA Pavlov, MA Platonov A . Kulikov, AK Kulisonova, Prigogine EA, EB Sirota SI Arifkhanova).
Already at that time members of the department paid special attention to training in the Uzbek language. In 1963, prof. A.I.Magrupov and Assoc. KN Dolinskaya prepare “Guide to practical training on general pathological anatomy” in 1964 prof. AI Magrupov and Assoc. VA Alimov can translate textbook A.I.Abrikosova and AI Strukov “Pathology” in the Uzbek language, in 1965, Professor. AI Magrupov prepare “Guide to practical training in private Pathological Anatomy.”
In 1966 Professor G. N. Terekhov, head of the department for more than 40 years, moves to the position of adviser of the department, and Associate Professor PD Tulyaganov arrived from Andijan, appointed acting head of the department.
By 1967, it completed construction of the morphological building of the institute with the stipulated in the basement prozekturoy. In this new building, the department received a 720 m2 area in the left half of the 4th floor of the morphological building and 3 rooms on the 5th floor. During this period, Assoc. P. D Tulyaganov pays much attention to the development of programmed instruction of students of the 3rd course and continues research on gastrointestinal pathology.
In March 1969 the competition for the post of head of the department of pathological anatomy schoolgirl elected academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, AP Avtsyna MD, Professor MS Abdullahodjaeva.
With the assistance of the department of administration is equipped with new furniture, equipment and training, to acquire the necessary chemicals and utensils museum.
The department gets a new base – prozekturu UzMinzdrava Clinical Hospital for breakout course. The base is equipped with the necessary training equipment and training makromuzeem.
By September 1969, the department organized a laboratory histochemistry, in 1970 – the laboratory of electronic microscopy. Engineering group of the laboratory headed by engineer-physicist S. Razykov. In 1978, the department begins to function for the implementation of the laboratory of cytology patotsitologicheskoy diagnosis. Her first employees – a trainee RM Sheftalovich and senior laboratory TA Abaeva.
Thus, the Department of pathologists were able to use in their research methods of modern morphology – histochemical and electron microscopy, to move from anatomical studies of the method to the submicroscopic. Continuing the research started in Andijan Medical Institute, PD Tulyaganov quits on “Pas tomorfologicheskie changes in the internal organs and the brain in toxicosis intestinal origin” and presents it in 1970 for the degree of doctor of medical sciences. By 1970 Assoc. VA Alimov completing his doctoral thesis on “Pathological anatomy and morphogenesis of infective hepatitis and its outcomes.”
During this period, the department conducted research on the following main issues:
pathology of the gastrointestinal tract (PD Tulyaganov, RA Ashrapova, DT Tashbaev);
blastomatosis, reactive and compensatory-adaptive processes in the central nervous system (M.S.Abdullahodzhaeva, G.A.Polyakova, Ya.Yu. Utepov, Razykov S., T. K. Ibragimov, I.Ernazarov);
– Morphology of tissue incompatibility, and complications associated with immunosuppressive therapy (MS Abdullahodjaeva, GA Polyakov, EA Prigogine, NV Eletskaya, DI Salimov TA Abaeva, B. A. Magrupov, BA Shukurov, Charles G. Ibragimov, RI Israilov I.Umirov, X. 3. Tursunov, Zhuravlev EI).
Employees of the department closely with clinicians develop issues of pathological anatomy cardiopathy, major central nervous system diseases, acute infectious diseases, geographical pathology, toxic pesticides, magnetobiology.
Department of Pathological Anatomy is the center of scientific research in more than 30 medical institutions of different cities in Uzbekistan and other republics of Central Asia and Kazakhstan. Scientific research
following department conducts in collaboration with clinical departments of Tashkent State Medical Institute, the Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Ouse, Institute of Medicinal Plants, the Kyrgyz Institute of Maternity and Child, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Central Research Laboratory of the Rostov Medical Institute, Department of Pathological Anatomy of the Samarkand Medical instituta.S 1978 started joint research with the Institute of Pathology of the Budapest Medical University. Semmelweis to the exchange of academic staff on the issue of “organ and tissue transplantation. During the reporting period the department staff published more than 900 papers, including 16 monographs, defended 8 doctoral and 61 master’s thesis, published 8 thematic collections, made more than 80 scientific reports on the 32 conventions and 8 international congresses and symposia in the United States, Italy, Belgium, Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, including at the International Congress of anatomy, histology and embryology, gerontology, oncology, at the International Symposium on the limbic system, and so on. d.
Much work was carried out and the training of scientific and pedagogical staff. During the work of prof. MS Abdullahodjaeva head. the department under her leadership, defended 5 doctoral and 48 master’s theses, including doctors from different cities of the republics of Central Asia and Kazakhstan, as well as from Egypt, Nepal, Yemen. Through clinical studies prepared 20 doctors, 15 aspiranturu-.
In 1970-1990 GG We worked at the department prof. M.S.Abdullahodzhaeva, associate PD Tulyaganov, EA Prigogine, GA Polyakov, Ya Yu Utepov, BA Magrupov, PhD MT Akbarov, I.M.Baybekov, VM Vorozheikin, SA Gamiyants, NV Eletskaya, JL Lemeshev, EI Zhuravlev, LI Platonov, EB Sirota, DI Salimov, G.K.Sadykova, IE Ernazarov, V.A.Horoshaev assistants AA Kulikov, Z.G.Leonova, AG Pugasov, D. 3. Dosmukhamedov OA Mukhina, E.A.Sologub, SM, RI Israilov RA Tashmatov, clinical residents: H.Z.Tursunov, LA Pak, IT Dying, AM Daurehanov, T. Bolkunova, GS Karabaeva.
Employees of the department in those years, also conducted a large educational works. Enter the machine programmed control, developed manuals on all matters of general and special pathological anatomy, as well as the sectional course. The department has modern facilities for practical training for students of the 3rd Medical Faculty Course I and section rate in the Republican Pathology Center.
During this period, published textbooks, including “Quick Guide to the sectional course” (PD Tulyaganov, 1959, 1970), “Pathological anatomy of certain diseases in Asia and Africa” - for students from foreign countries (MS . Abdullahodjaeva, GA Polyakov, 1979); “Training Toolkit Clinical Anatomy” (Ya Yu Utepov, 1980); “Epidemiology and pathological anatomy of infectious diseases in hot climate” for foreign students (MS Abdullahodjaeva, M, K. Sharipov, G, A, Polyakov, 1981) and “Atlas of Pathological Anatomy of diseases of the teeth-jaw system and the oral cavity “(MS Abullahodzhaeva, MT Akbarov, 1981). On inter-institutional and national educational conferences, the department staff made over 40 presentations on optimization and improvement of the educational process, of which 30 posts published. In 1973, prof. MS Abdullahodjaeva and prof. N. Abdullayev X. The redeployment textbook AI Strukov “Pathology” in the Uzbek language for students of 3rd year medical students.
The department spent much advice and patronage job in the country, took an active part in the further development of pathology services. During this period (since 1988). Organized the Republican Pathology Center, regional and city pathological Office, which played a positive role in the further development and strengthening of pathoanatomical service of the Republic.
Since 1972 the department has been the base for internship on pathological anatomy. During the period 1971- 1990 yy prepared more than 80 pathologists. Department staff conducted a 3-month courses for technicians on the histological technique and prepared for 3 years 69 laboratory-histologists to work in laboratories prozektur. They actively participated in seminars on actual problems of pathological anatomy for practitioners of the republic.
In 1990, Associate Professor GA Polyakova successfully defended his doctoral thesis on the topic: “Pathology of the endocrine glands in the development of transplantation immunity” and moves to the position of professor of the department. In 1990, on the basis of the Tashkent State Medical Institute are two of the university – the First and Second Tashkent State Medical Institute.
After separation of the Tashkent Medical Institute gosudartsvennoy on first and second, superintendence of the Department of Pathological Anatomy of the First Tashkent State Medical Institute was entrusted to the assistant professor J. Yu.Utepova.
During this period, the department worked PD Tulyaganov, I.E.Ernazarov, E.I.Zhuravleva, SA Gamiyants, OA Mukhin AG Pugasov, Artikov DD N.G.Dadamyants, HJ Baimuradov, Yu.Klepov, M.H.Yulyahshiev A. Irgashev, AA Kurbanov, R.Sobirov, K.M.Ibragimova. The main scientific direction of the department was to study the epidemiology and pathological anatomy of the major diseases. They were issued lectures and methodical manuals for students of 3rd year medical and dental faculties.
In 1992, a post-doctoral associate professor. BA Magrupov became head sectional biopsy Kuras based pathology department of the Clinical Hospital UzMinzdrava at the Department of Pathological Anatomy 1 Tashkent State Medical Institute. The course Professors VA Horoshaev, VM Vorozheikin, Assoc. Artikov DD Art. O.A.Muhina teacher assistants Yu.I.Boyko, T.H.Musahanov, Yu.Kandinova, GA Mirzahmedova, R.Sh.Mavlyanhodzhaev, then the course becomes associate professor E.I.Zhuravleva. During this time, were prepared and published training manuals for students of medical and dental faculties sectional biopisynomu rate in Uzbek and Russian languages.
In 1997, to head the Department elected prof. BA Magrupov.
The department is fully preserved traditions in academic, practical work and training. During this period, members of the department while developing questions of morphology and morphogenesis of nevi and melanomas (E. 3. Stupin), kidney nephrotic syndrome (BA Magrupov, BA Alloberdiev), liver in children with portal hypertension in reconstructive operations Vascular (B. A Magrupov, X. D. Baimuratov), placental syphilis (PARP ZA, Reymnazarova GD), and others. Reserved 5 master’s theses (Baimuradov HJ, Yarmukhamedova DS ., Stupino EZ, Alloberdiev BA, Parpiev ZA).
Residency in pathological anatomy completed at this time, Amen G. Sarkisov N. In 2003, the department offers a Master of pathological anatomy, which is in 2006. O.A.Radzhapov ends in 2007 – Umarov MH
From 2003 to 2010, Professor. Magrupov BA He worked as deputy. General Director of the Republican Scientific Center of emergency medical aid, while heading the department. During this period, he worked at the department assistants Iskhakov HT, Khalikov NU, Habirova GF Vervekina TA Ubaydullaeva VU, Sh.E. Yunusov, an intern researcher, then as an assistant-O.T.Hvan. On the basis of pathology department REMARC opens Residency in pathological anatomy, which over the years have completed: Mamir BR, S. Kang, Mingbaev AS, DA Abdullaev, Jalilov JJ
Department staff are great organizational work. BA Magrupov is a member of the editorial board of the journal “News of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Dermatology and Venereology”, “Cardiology», «Doktor axborotnoma», «Laborator medicine», «Journal of Emergency Medicine”, a board member of the International Union of Pathologists, a member of the Presidium of the Board of the Uzbek Association of Pathologists, Assoc. DD Artikov – chief pathologist in Tashkent.
In 2005, at the Department organized the Tashkent city mortem Bureau (until 2013 Director – prof. BA Magrupov, from 2013 – Assoc. Artikov DD, Deputy. Director N.U.Halikov) that significantly expand the training base and raise the level of the autopsy room service city.
Much attention is paid to the improvement of the department of educational-methodical work, introduction into the educational process new technologies: computer room, digital projector, the automation of the lecture hall, radio service department.
Department of Pathological Anatomy 2 Tashkent State Medical Institute was established on the basis of the Republican Pathology Center of MH of Uzbekistan (Director – Academician MS Abdullahodjaeva).
Republican Pathology Center (ROAC) was established in 1988. Order of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan on the basis of Pathology №.454 Corus new clinics Tashkent State Medical Institute. At the same time it was organized by the regional Bureau of pathological (OPAB) in 11 regions and Republican mortem Bureau in the Republic of Karakalpakstan (RK RPAB).
Today ROAC has no analogues in CIS countries, is the largest educational and scientific production complex on the basis of which has students, masters of all medical specialties, is examined medical practice with the identification of medical errors (diagnostic, therapeutic and tactics, as well as in the organization medical care). All laboratory – histology, pathological working in institutions, passed specialization and improvements pass by histological techniques at the center.
The ROAC functioning of pediatric, general and infectious pathology, diagnostic biopsy. In addition to 6 histopathological laboratories functioning bacteriology, virology, cytology laboratories, PCR laboratory, medical and molecular genetics.
From 1990 to 2000. the department in charge of Honored Worker of Science, Academician of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, MS Abdullahodjaeva. During this period he worked as a professor in the department of RI Israilov, docents NV Eletskaya, HZ Tursunov, IT Dying art. Ven. SK Ruza assistants Ph.D. MIND. Huzhmanov, H. Prima kmn GJ Razykov, ET Podolhova, R.A.Mirahmedova, NS Shausmanova, EV Bova.
From 2000 to 2005. Department was headed by prof. RI Israilov.
During the period of 1990-2005. in the department and in the center were protected 4 doctoral and master’s theses 6; through magistracy and clinical studies prepared by 13 pathologists.
ROAC organized the First, Second and Third Congress of Pathologists of Uzbekistan (1992, 1997, 2012). Under the leadership of MS Abdullahodjaeva in 2005. was held the 1st National Congress on Bioethics with international participation (Belgium, South Africa, Philippines, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Russia (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kazan). The proceedings of this congress were published in Russian and English.
Since 2003. in the center is working on the creation and implementation of telemedicine systems macro- and microscopy (TSMM) in pathology service of the republic. As part of the grant projects (GKKND at CM of Uzbekistan, UNDP, NATO Science Committee) TSMM was introduced to the work of 17 postmortem institutions of the republic, including the 9 regions and Kazakhstan, 5 inter-mortem offices. In 2010. a conference with international participation (Russia, Poland, Canada, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan) on the theme “Expanding telepathology in Central Asia through distance learning and telemedicine systems and micro macroscopy.”
The ROAC developed a new method of rapid diagnosis of precancerous and cancerous cervical disease, to which the patent was obtained (UzGospatent № IAP 03856).
The main scientific directions of the department and the center were:
The study of the causes and pathological anatomy of the maternal and perinatal deaths;
The study of the causes and pathological anatomy of infant death.
In 2005, the 1- and 2-abolished Tashkent State Medical Institute, Tashkent Medical Academy is created and organized by the Department of Normal, Pathological Physiology and Pathological Anatomy medico-pedagogical and dental faculties, headed by Prof.. B.A.Magrupov and chair of the medical and medical-prophylactic faculty, which until 2007 was headed by prof. AN Danyarov, and since 2007 – professor. R.I.Israilov. In December 2012, after urgent appeals to the rector, the departments being reorganized and created the Department of Pathology, which included two courses are taught – Pathological Anatomy and Pathological Physiology, headed by prof. RI Israilov. In September 2013, the post was elected prof. H.Z.Tursunov.
Currently at the Department of Pathology at the course “Pathology” working prof. Israilov RI, BA Magrupov, HZ Tursunov, associate IT Umirov; Art. IM teachers Allanazarov assistants HN Bobo SZ Artikov, EH Eshboev, MG Gaybullaev, DA Tulyaganov US
Since the introduction of the Magistracy and the clinical internship at the Department trained 19 master’s and 6 clinical residents.
On 2 bases of the department are trained clinical residents and masters in clinical specialties.